Thursday, September 27, 2007

How far do tsunamis travel?

Here is my final version of how far do tsunamis travel?

When a tsunami is generated, the distance travelled by the waves depends on how fast and powerful the waves are.

Once a tsunami has been generated, its energy is distributed throughout the water column, regardless of the ocean's depth. The waves will travel outward on the surface of the ocean in all directions away from the source area, much like the ripples caused by throwing a rock into a pond. The wavelength of the tsunami waves and their period will depend on the generating mechanism and the dimensions of the source event.

The period of the tsunami waves may range from 5 to 90 minutes depending on how long the waves are. The wave crests of a tsunami can be a thousand km long, and from a few to a hundred kilometres or more apart as they travel across the ocean.

A tsunami wave will travel across the ocean until it dies down into a small wave or until it reaches land. When a tsunami is created in the middle of the ocean, the countries closest to the original area will be hit with large and powerful waves while countries far away will be hit with small waves.

Tsunamis can travel for thousands of kilometres across the ocean and can reach countries far away in a couple of hours. For example the Asian tsunami in 2004 was generated just west of Indonesia and Thailand hit both countries within an hour, hit India and Sri Lanka within 2 hours, hit Australia within 5 hours and hit Africa within 10 hours. Obviously Indonesia and Thailand got hit the worst because the tsunami was in full flight when it hit while Africa got hit with small and not powerful waves.

No comments: